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GUEST COMMENTARY BY TOM HAZLETT

Putting A Price Tag On TV Spectrum

By Tom Hazlett
TVNewsCheck, Nov 25 2009, 3:42 PM ET

Hi, broadcasters. I'm an economist. Happy Thanksgiving. Let's talk turkey.   

People say you're sitting on some very valuable radio spectrum. Like about $107 billion worth at March 2008 prices. And "sitting" is the inoperative word because the FCC's broadcast TV license has you frozen on those 49 channels.That's the 294 MHz of rich, fertile bandwidth that iPhone users (and the network engineers they bug most) dream about morning, noon and night. You're just running up a wretched electricity bill while the world has moved on. There's no app for that.

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Indeed, if you had it to do over again, you wouldn't even use terrestrial broadcast. I know because some of you have done it over with ESPN and CNBC and FX and scores of other cable networks. That Travel Channel deal valued the network at $1 billion. 

You folks could have a broadcast travel channel of your own and broadcast it on one of your digital subchannels to all 114 million TV homes. But no one is watching your off-air-only channels. Not even Aunt Minnie in Peoria, the one who was supposed to go bonkers when analog went dark last June.

That's fine. You've still got good shows. I don't need forensic experts from CSI: Hollywood to know that. You're not 100 percent of the TV market, like you were when the FCC stepped in to limit upstart cable TV systems 40 years ago on the grounds that cable would "siphon" viewers, but would never be a real competitor. (Boy, did the Washington bureaucrats blow that one)  But you've still got the Super Bowl and Dancing With the Stars, and haul in $40 billion in ads every year — or you did until recently. 

You don't need the TV band for that. Others like mobile broadband, smart phones and e-readers and M2M networks do. It's the coming wireless bandwidth tsunami. The carriers are starved for airspace, and you're way long in the stuff. Time for a deal. 

You know that. I know that. Even the new crew at the FCC knows that. But they think that you're imbued with the "public interest" and have a spiritual attachment to terrestrial radio transmissions. I follow the money. Your greatest desire as a broadcaster is to secure cable and satellite carriage. That's business, not religion. You bought your stations from a broadcaster who also had a deep, metaphysical investment in the "public interest" and followed that shining light right all the way through escrow.

A fierce commitment to the TV allocation table of 1952 is your opening bid. You won't budge until you know three things. First, how much will you be paid to do your part? Second, how will your life change? And, third, how can you be sure that you won't get whacked by the opportunists in Congress — the ones you've been scaring all these years about any competitive threat to "free, universal, over-the-air TV" — when they catch a clue that you're prepared to sell out?

The first two questions are answered by seeing what the FCC should do. It should split the TV band into seven overlay licenses of 42 MHz each. Then auction all seven. 

At the same time, it should provide a mechanism to supply the 10 million households not having a cable or satellite subscription with free broadcast video service for five or 10 years. This can be done by vouchers, as with the DTV set-top box subsidies or via a procurement auction. It won't cost more than $3 billion ($300 times 10 million), a small fraction of the spectrum auction receipts.

The overlay licenses will embed encumbrances — you. Existing stations would have the right to continue broadcasting, to relocate to another channel assignment or to go off off-air. No worries about coverage. The new spectrum owners will pay cable and satellite operators to guarantee carriage. If not, you won't vacate.

So "free" TV service remains, but the delivery platform will be technology-neutral. And you'll be part of the solution, for which you will be compensated. How does something like $30 billion spread across 1,750 full-power TV stations sound to you? 

That figure simply derives from the prices paid in last year's 700 MHz auction. At $1.28 per MHz per capita, a station in New York might clear $200 million. A station in Spokane, Wash., about $8 million. Again, these are estimates. Real prices may vary.

That gets us down to your greatest fear: you lose your "public interest" veneer when you start quoting sell prices. So, don't. Just sit there. Let the FCC move forward with a smart plan like this. It's actually in the public interest to unleash new bandwidth for the services consumers most desire. And it makes the U.S. more competitive in the Global Broadband Race.

Here's the blunt end of the stick: Losing your special place is no longer much of a problem. There's just not much left in your business model. What can "public trusteeship" deliver that matches $30 billion? Or a tenth of that?

Thomas Hazlett is professor of law and economics at George Mason University. He formerly was chief economist of the FCC.

Comments (42) - Post a comment

TVGuy Nicknameposted 112 days, 4 hours, 51 minutes ago
Your article is cynical, ill-informed and (fortunately) probably won't be read by many folks this close to the Thanksgiving holiday. Broadcasters, unlike those other entities you mention, are licensed by and perhaps encumbered more than any other group by the federal government. You fail to recognize the promise of newer technologies like Open Mobile Video and that even with a sunset of 5-10 years to do away with free, over-the-air TV, you're harming a significant portion of the population who can't afford the increasingly-expensive cost of subscription-based TV.

Far from being a "veneer", broadcast TV stations are MORE involved with their communities than any other medium, except perhaps local radio stations and/or newspapers. Think about the tragic events from recent years like 9/11, Katrina and other disasters and you'll quickly remember that local broadcasters epitomize serving the public interest. I'm afraid your years at the FCC have caused you to have a very jaded view of broadcasting that I pray the current members of that organization do not share.
PSIPthing Nicknameposted 112 days, 3 hours, 28 minutes ago
oh, contraire. I had a long telephone conversation with Mr. Hazlett some months ago, and I found him to be anything buy cynical and ill-informed. Not that I necessarily agree with his viewpoint on this one. I think that it might be helpful to see how the value of station licenses have been marked down on SEC filings (or haven't, in some cases) in the past few years. Were Mr. Hazlett playing with his own money -- ha -- I think the $30 billion he mentions wouldn't interest players at the upper end of the food chain, but might at the lower end. Also, I found Mr. Hazlett quite savvy about the mobile TV opportunity -- that was the subject of our conversation. His proposal would actually not interfere with that opportunity, but would provide a mechanism for orderly sunsetting over the air. And, in a post-terrestrial world, television "stations" would still exist and be involved in their communities, and television networks would still provide coverage of tragic events. I should also point out that, at base, the spectrum auctions were basically fashioned with Mr. Hazlett's input, and he is the intellectual author of the current cash-for-spectrum plan. We may not like what he is saying, but there is nothing cynical or ill-informed in his position.
posted 112 days, 2 hours, 17 minutes ago
Despite his irreverent tone, Hazlett knows what he is talking about. He has given this topic more thought than anybody else I know.
Frogicide Nicknameposted 112 days, 2 hours, 27 minutes ago
Hello Tom. Not everyone can get cable or satellite. Not due to lack of money, but due to remote location and obstruction. Here is my [logical] solution. I think I ran it by you nearly 20 years ago, long before local into local... but here goes.

Someone pays to launch satellites in the Ku band with 6 MHz transponders and antennas configured to cover local DMA markets, much like local into local but narrower slots representing what we have now. We uplink 8vsb to sat. and viewers can run the dish output into their existing TV receiver voer their existing antenna co-ax. Under this plan, we broadcasters will still have first amendment rights over the transmission. If the signal is retransmitted via cable or commercial satellite via retrans consent we do not. Even if we have must carry, the signal is mangled and programs are cherry picked. So viewers can receive the existing broadcast with no change other than a new little dish on the roof. Except for a few that do not have access to the signal because of a mountain or trees. What to do? Allow small terrestrial unlicensed low power repeaters that also operate in the Ku spectrum. Then people living in a shadow can jointly buy a box and throw up a signal. The big problem with this plan? Who pays for the satellites and the new broadcast uplink gear? And a howl from cble and satellite operators. In any event, broadcasters would give up their terrestrial mobile broadcast dream, for a somewhat more reliable satellite bit blaster. Your thoughts?
Mike Seaver posted 112 days, 58 minutes ago
Love your solution !! BUT..........how do you accomplish feeding satellite TV signals to multiple sets that each are tuned to different channels? One solution is to limit each household to ONE TV.
PSIPthing Nicknameposted 111 days, 18 hours, 49 minutes ago
this has been done routinely for more than a decade, using a device called a multi-switch, and the installer can even combine in over-the-air channels and cable. I suggest that you might want to investigate what can be done in dbs installations; I don't necessarily have the latest info. Oh, and these are extra-cost options, not a part of "free" installtions, but even many of those include 4 different set top boxes in up to 4 rooms. It's always a good idea to know how the rest of "world" lives.
Mike Seaver posted 110 days, 9 hours, 22 minutes ago
.....all at extra cost to the COMSUMER (unless Uncle Sam makes the TV stations pay or they do it themselves......
Frogicide Nicknameposted 111 days, 22 hours, 36 minutes ago
Mike: The LNB on the roof converts Ku band frequencies to UHF. To the TV set, the dish looks just like a terrestrial TV antenna. Since the satellite signal (as I propose it) is 8vsb ATSC broadcast standard, no satellite tuner would be needed. Pipe the signal from the roof to your digital TV, and the TV can select the 6 MHz channel to watch exactly as if it were terrestrial. It happens an 8vsb signal via satellite performs in engineering link analysis terms much like standard DVB satellite signal such as used by DISH. So basically we broadcasters would give up our slice of VHF or UHF for a slice of Ku, and, of course, someone has to pay for the uplink, satellite, and home installs. For the viewer, they install the small dish and LNB and hook it where the old outdoor antenna used to be. Down from the dish, nothing changes. Of course there are lots possible individual complications, such as those homes using rabbit ears. Add the cost of a dish install. Or, as I pointed out, if the home is in shadow, as in the case of a mountain or building, then a repeater Ku coverage extender would be needed. But terrestrial TV is already imperfect. So, details and cost benefit can be debated. Have a good thanksgiving.
JMinSanDiego Nicknameposted 111 days, 18 hours,
You have about 500 MHz of bandwidth to play with. That's about 80 channels. How finely can you focus each of the necessary spot beams to serve customer regions? If you have an 80-channel spot beam for Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane and Portland stations and another one for Sacramento, Redding and San Francisco stations, what happens to somebody in Medford OR, halfway between?

True, with 8VSB, you can put multiple programs on each 8BVSB channel, but not each one is going to be good HD, so you get deep into compromise before you get out of the planning stage.
Mike Seaver posted 110 days, 9 hours, 21 minutes ago
......and the goverment will pay for our montly subscription????
Frogicide Nicknameposted 111 days, 16 hours, 27 minutes ago
Hi JMinSanDiego. The Medford Klamath Falls DMA would have its own spot beam. Part 2 of FCC rules say the direct to home band is 12.2 to 12.7 GHz. With two polarizations, we get 1 GHz, or enough room for 166 six megahertz channels. I propose the present ATSC exciter output be upconverted at the TV station and sent to a satellite. In other words, the station still runs its transmitter, only the transmitter now is a satellite uplink. Otherwise, station is free to transmit exactly what it does today as it does today. Is there channel space? I count 26 full service stations in the LA DMA. Channels are and would remain 6 MHz, so only 156 MHz out of 1,000 MHz of spectrum would be required to host Los Angeles TV. That leaves lots of room to reuse spectrum and avoid inter DMA interference. The spot beam should be designed to replicate service to the DMA. The signal should fade rapidly beyond the DMA, so San Diego or Palm Springs viewers would not easily pick up LA or other out of market stations. Does a plan like this make economic sense? I don't know. How does the huge cost of launching and maintaining satellites and uplinks compare with terrestrial transmitters? I have not worked on that. Would the value of released TV VHF/UHF spectrum pay to run and build such a free to air satellite system? I do not know. I do think the engineering is straightforward. Beam forming on a satellite to match DMAs may be pretty tough, but spot beams to serve local into local are now routine. DirecTV now uses phased array antennas so they can manipulate beams after launch or adjust for weather. Very cool.
Michael Alcamo posted 111 days, 7 hours, 12 minutes ago
Excellent article, Tom. I believe there are a few additional technical dynamics worth considering. One is that technical innovation is not static; in fact, it's the opposite. I think we are likely to see video compression technology advance to a point at which the technical spectrum demands of broadband transmission decline significantly. We're likely to hear about "Moore's Law as applied to compression technology" -- and we'll predict the time interval in which bandwidth capacity of a given bitstream doubles, in order to accommodate escalating video demands. Perhaps we'll call it "Jobs' Law," in honor of the reason it came about. I agree there is embedded option value in digital spectrum, but I think it arises from the potential for broadcast distribution to mobile devices. It is also worth observing that 19.4 Mbits/sec also accommodate 120 audio-only sub-channel channels. Kind regards.
John Terrill posted 111 days, 4 hours, 48 minutes ago
In the beginning we discovered that TV is the greatest mass communications medium ever. The internet and broadband are limited by the individual user on the internet sites, and there are millions. Internet is fragmented. So how do you get emergency, public service, community information out there? A new local school here was built without tv, but with lots of internet connections. When they tried to watch the Presidential Inauguration, the whole thing crashed. There is not enough broadband space to handle a computer for every person turned on at the same time. Today we have everything based on you must pay to watch TV. This isn't the way the world works. Broadcast TV is the greatest communication media ever, as witnessed by the Amber Alerts that find missing kids almost immediately. If you do away with Free TV you do away with all the second sets in the home that are not measured very well. As a matter of fact, Nielsen isn't that accurate. More diversity insures more information, and a better economy. Surely all the small businesses and the individuals need the service, even though they do not have the money that cable, microsoft and apple, and satellite have to corrupt our congressmen.
Concentration of control with large corporations who have only the bottom line as their goal, screw the public, is not a good economic model. I wonder who paid Hazlett off to right such an uninformed article.
Remember, do you want to pay to hear local public service? This article scares me. Corruption abounds in Washingon. Check out the decline and fall of the Roman Empire. Are we to be a thought-controlled nation run by a few big businesses? Get a Life.
PhillyPhlash Nicknameposted 111 days, 3 hours, 39 minutes ago
The answer, apparently, is YES, John, but some of us are fighting it. Please check this out:.
http://nowpublic.com/world/u-s-censors-net-while-obama-lectures-china-net-censorship
Mike Seaver posted 110 days, 9 hours, 19 minutes ago
YES!! When everything is "neutral" and the Government contols content then all things can be "just".
TVGuy Nicknameposted 110 days, 23 hours, 15 minutes ago
WELL said and great examples, John.
PSIPthing Nicknameposted 110 days, 6 hours, 9 minutes ago
I'm sorry, and I'm a big fan of broadcast. However, your criticisms are of IP unicast; IP multicast would not have caused the crash of which you spoke, and the person who built a school without tv/cable capabilities should have been fired.
PhillyPhlash Nicknameposted 111 days, 2 hours, 36 minutes ago
Tom Hazlett apparently hasn't given much thought to the fact that TV stations are licensees for a set term, and can be denied for renewal, and thus licensees have absolutely NO property rights to spectrum, short-term or long-term. The airwaves belong to the public. There can be no auction based on long-term value because that property right is held by the public, not by the licensees. End of story. TV Guy's arguments echo points I have made in this space before, so I will recommend that visitors here re-read his post, supra.
Mike Seaver posted 110 days, 9 hours, 18 minutes ago
Then it is up to the public to pay for the spectrum????? (or be charged for it!
PSIPthing Nicknameposted 110 days, 6 hours, 6 minutes ago
actually, foolish and absurd PhillyPhlash, Mr. Hazlett has forgotten more about tv issues than you have ever known about the subject. The "airwaves" will belong to the public if they want to use them for personal communications, for television, and if the airwaves go fallow. You simply aren't capable of understanding how your aphorism applies to facts and situations.
Mike Hemion posted 111 days, 2 hours, 16 minutes ago
The government's philosphy is, "you didn't pay for it to begin with" so be happy they will pay you anything when they eventually take it away.
PhillyPhlash Nicknameposted 111 days, 1 hour, 38 minutes ago
They are not taking free, over the air broadcasting from the American people who own the airwaves. It will never happen, it's not politically viable or culturally acceptable, and all the greed-mongering of the cable/broadband cabal won't change that immutable fact. Multichannel station broadcasting could revitalize the industry -- IF local broadcasters would compete with cable/broadband, and not be co-opted. Government should prevent cross-ownership and that would force broadcasters to compete and not scheme for dollars to which they have no legal right.
Mike Seaver posted 110 days, 9 hours, 17 minutes ago
That's correct "WE" own the signals so we should just take them free!
Frogicide Nicknameposted 110 days, 13 hours, 27 minutes ago
In re PhillyPhlash and his posted link, I suggest this: http://seoblackhat.com/upimage/tinfoilhat.jpg
PhillyPhlash Nicknameposted 107 days, 5 hours, 34 minutes ago
And here's another for your consideration, "Frogicide": http://nowpublic.com/world/govt-fusion-center-spying-pretext-harass-and-censor
skeptic Nicknameposted 110 days, 8 hours, 14 minutes ago
So why are broadcasters considered incapable of delivering mobile broadband service? Seems many initiatives are underway to use existing TV spectrum to deliver such services without requiring a reauction to the wireless carriers or Google or Apple or whoever has the FCC convinced they are the only ones capable of delivering mobile broadband services. What will be carried on these services? Probably a lot of video which is the domain of the TV broadcasters. Another major issue with handing over the keys to OTA TV is that without the threat of "free TV" the price of cable and satellite would skyrocket, unless heavily regulated (which it presumably would be). In addition, OTA HD television is arguably better than that provided over cable given how constrained cable bandwidth is with VOD and Internet, that's been my experience at least. This whole "mobile broadband crisis" raised by the FCC sounds like an excuse to try to raise money to fill the enormous deficit hole now being created otherwise they would be working with the TV industry to develop services without putting the spectrum up for bid.
PSIPthing Nicknameposted 110 days, 6 hours, 3 minutes ago
they are technically capable, if they give up their broadcast video/audio channel. However, they cannot legally offer such a service, since it doesn't meet the legal requirements for "broadcast". One major aspect of broadcast is that you cannot deliver "personal messages." And, such a change would require approval of international organizations, since allocations are subject to treaties.
Frogicide Nicknameposted 110 days, 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
Humm.... The "Crash" referred to above explains why broadcast mode has important present and future value. Broadcast is something existing cell phone standards do not support. I just read this by Thomas Hazlett: http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/2a99223e-62b2-11de-b1c9-00144feabdc0.html?nclick_check=1. One flaw in his thinking is that DISH or DirecTV as presently configured cannot support retransmission of all 19 megabit terrestrial signals. I now broadcast 5 program streams on my 19 megabits per second broadcast signal, with room for more. People bitch when things go wrong, so I know antenna viewers are watching. Nielsen says >15% of homes in our DMA do not have cable or satellite YV. His satellite "cure" is interestingly similar to mine, except that I want broadcasters to have what they have now but via satellite. I.e. 19 Mb/s payload per channel. He does not guarantee it. Get out that pencil Tom. I want to see numbers.
PSIPthing Nicknameposted 110 days, 4 hours, 32 minutes ago
why not dream bigger? How about 39 mb/second? You might want to review the Northpoint proceeding before the FCC; terrestrial use of satellite frequencies, but with the signal coming from the North. I suspect that you will want to refine your idea to get around the use of 8-VSB; the 8-VSB gods have told me that QPSK (such as DVB uses) or similar modulaiton schemes are more sutited to satellite. There is, by the way, a largely unused ATSC standard for satellite-to-home broadcasting, A/80. IIRC, they recently withdrew the associated A/81 for the concommittant metadata.
Frogicide Nicknameposted 109 days, 4 hours, 28 minutes ago
PSIPthing: Why not? Keeping the Ku transmitted signal to ATSC 8vsb standards means existing receivers can receive the signal saving the cost of a new receiver. I once did a link analysis estimate of 8vsb versus 36 a signal on a shared 36 MHz transponder and found they were close to the same. 8vsb's narrow 6 MHz bandwidth reduces noise which offsets its greater signal over noise requirement compared to QPSK. In addition, besides allowing existing receivers to be used, satellite delivery of 8vsb allows existing TV station exciters to be used. This is not the place for a detailed engineering analysis, or for that matter, an economic analysis. But I'd like the idea to be considered.
Daniel Brown posted 107 days, 18 hours, 41 minutes ago
"How does something like $30 billion spread across 1,750 full-power TV stations sound to you?"

So am I to assume that we Class A and LPTV station owners are to be left out of this cash back plan? Thanks.
Actually, I don't mind giving up some of my spectrum for cash especially when compulsory cable/satellite TV carriage goes along with it. While I appreciate the capabilities that digital broadcasting has opened to us (such as multi-channel broadcasting) I believe it's too late. Most of us certainly can't compete with cable's ability to bankroll high end sitcoms and dramas (not to mention the uncensored content of these shows) to fill up these extra channels and the majority of viewers have by now become conditioned to receiving TV by wire or dish as opposed to OTA. Then we have newspapers who are resistant to publishing the schedules of these extra channels in their TV sections. Yes, we can do local shows, e.g. news, sports, community affairs etc. but I don't have the budget to program a large chunk of my station's broadcast day with it--not to mention the lessons learned from the days of cable access (i.e. no viewers).
Much has been made of mobile TV but I have yet to see a solid business model for it. One thing we know from consumers, they'll watch it if they don't have to pay for it. This means advertisers will have to foot the bill. I don't know about you but the majority of my advertisers are local and every month, as they face flat revenues, they question whether or not to continue their television advertising, let alone spend more. Plus the 100K price tag for the gear and additional manpower (people power?) to run it are not feasible for our operation.
So I don't mind the cash for spectrum program. It will allow me to focus on my primary channel and better serve the community with it. But just don't leave us Class A and LPTV stations behind.
HowardMBurgers Nicknameposted 107 days, 9 hours, 4 minutes ago
I believe too much is being made about the importance of mobile TV by US broadcasters. Unlike in Asia, the mobile aspects of our domestic society involve the automobile. Very few households in Asia have the opportunity to go home and consume media via a large screen TV or desktop PC. Most are traveling via train, subway, bus, or foot viewing/listening to their multi-media options. The thing that confounds me, is why the US is turning a blind eye to the mobile platform consortium model in Asia, which coincidentally has been in place and operating well for many years.
Harold Hallikainen posted 107 days, 8 hours, 47 minutes ago
Over the years, Mr. Hazlett and I have had numerous conversations on spectrum auctions. I largely agree with the economist view that the market determines the most efficient use of a resource. However, in the case of the electromagnetic spectrum, I think the public should be paid for the continuing exclusive use of that resource (use spectrum leases instead of sale). I wrote about this several years ago at http://louise.hallikainen.org/ijclp/ijclp_webdoc_6_5_2000.pdf .

Harold
GuyFawkes Nicknameposted 107 days, 3 hours, 37 minutes ago
Mr. Hazlett, as a former FCC chief economist, do you know Commissioner Michael Copps? If so, care to explain to him your assertion to broadcasters that "There's just not much left in your business model"? Because he seems to think there's far too much in broadcasters' business model -- and therefore broadcasters should continue to labor under anachronistic, punitive local ownership restrictions(!)
Thomas Hazlett posted 107 days, 1 hour, 47 minutes ago
Many thanks for the lively posts, thoughtful comments, and friendly defenses. Some critiques lead to me to clarify: the argument for broadcast content being in the “public interest” – whatever its merits – cannot be equated with the argument that the current terrestrial broadcast system achieves that public interest. Indeed, it is incontestable that the programs made available by TV broadcasters can be more efficiently delivered. And the argument that tornado warnings and other emergency information are best delivered by terrestrial broadcasts is demonstrably false – today such communications overwhelmingly rely on cable and satellite links, and will increasingly (efficiently and far more effectively) rely on push technologies like cellular texting blasts in the future. As for Frogicide’s intriguing suggestions about Ku satellites supplying substitute platforms for terrestrial broadcast delivery service: this is precisely what innovative thinkers should be pondering. In my work on this issue (not in the brief, op-ed mode) I have speculated on the multiple carriers who could supply competing platforms – there are quite a few. The optimal choice will be best discovered when economic incentives encourage efficiencies rather than protect antiquated business models. That is what policy makers at the FCC and elsewhere are, hopefully, coming to grasp.
TownHallRsch Nicknameposted 106 days, 6 hours, 43 minutes ago
My compliments on your most excellent commentary.

I am not sure how the industry will play out. It could go the way you suggest. Certainly there are massive short term economic benefits to that. Taking a modestly longer view may show that broadcast is where PayTV was in the early 1970s. It is the minority player offering a better experience for consumers. This time it is free.

Pay TV thrives by offering more and specialized advertising, so does the Internet. Yet every consumer must pay a fee for the privlidge of watching advertiser supported content. Subchannels and mobile DTV helps level the playing field with PayTV and the Internet. Done right each subchannel has advertising space to fill. Done poorly, the space is there but there is no audience. With mobile DTV the case is more compelling. Adressability and location based services provide revenue opportunities unmatched by PayTV or the Internet.

You are right about most subchannels, few watch them. However in my home market there is a great weather and traffic subchannel and a good news subchannel. They get watched. People will watch good stuff. Broadcasters should stop trying to fill the subchannels on the cheap.

Daniel Brown posted 106 days, 5 hours, 43 minutes ago
I'm still not convinced of mobile TV's viability, at least for smaller markets, but I would be happy to be proved wrong. And I totally agree that many sub-channels have content that is both niche and embarrassingly awful. Ion I think has the best mix of programming with drama, children and lifestyle. All of it high quality and attractive to a large audience. It may be that the least disruptive solution to the cash for spectrum plan is to keep TV stations where they are but mobilize them into a broadband grid wherein a portion of their spectrum is used for that purpose. They would be compensated based on either pop count or land area covered, whichever is higher. Stations such as ours who cannot afford the specialized equipment would be eligible for a subsidy much like the program the FCC had for encouraging LPTV stations to convert to digital. I think everyone would win in this scenario.
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